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Sizing
Sizing is a substance that is applied to fibers during paper manufacture in order to curb their tendency to absorb liquids by capillary action. By doing so, sizing keeps the ink on the surface of the paper where it was intended to remain. In addition, sizing affects abrasiveness, creasibility, finish, printability, smoothness, and surface bond strength, and decreases surface porosity and fuzzing.
There are two major types of sizing: ''engine'' (rosin) and ''surface'' (''tub''). Rosin sizing is applied to almost all papers and especially to all those that are machine made, while tub sizing is added for the highest grade bond, ledger, and writing papers. Tub sizing consists of gelatin glue and / or starch and is generally only used for handmade papers. Rosin is an amphipathic molecule, having both hydrophilic (water-loving) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) ends. The rosin coats the paper fiber and forms a film, with the hydrophilic tail facing the fiber and the hydrophobic tail facing outwards. This creates a water-repellent situation, which causes the water-based ink to remain outside on the paper surface.
There are three categories of papers with respect to sizing: ''unsized'' (''water-leaf''), ''weak sized'' (''slack sized''), and ''strong sized'' (''hard sized''). Waterleaf has low water resistance and includes absorbent papers for blotting. Slack sized paper is somewhat absorbent and includes newsprint, while hard sized papers have the highest water resistance.
Category:Paper
On Being The Right Size
This article is obviously copied from elsewhere on the net. It was all typed in one edit by 66.116.71.28? I don't think so. It also has a bad title and, I feel, waffles.--[User:Gabriel Webber|Gabriel | talk] 17:49, 4 Nov 2004 (UTC)
On Being The Right Size
On Being the Right Size is a 1928 essay by J. B. S. Haldane. It discusses proportions in the animal world and the essential link between the size of an animal and these systems an animal has for life.
http://www.cmmp.ucl.ac.uk/~jlf/haldane_essay.html On Being the Right Size - one of many locations online where the text is available
Being the Right Size
Three Sizes
In human body measurement, the three sizes are the circumferences of bust, waist and hips; usually rendered as ''three sizes: xx-yy-zz'' in centimeters or inches. The three sizes are used mostly in fashion, and almost exclusively in reference to women. The ideal three sizes for a woman are said to be 90-70-90 cm.
Body proportions
Human height
Shoe size
Anthropometry
Category:Measurement Category:Anatomy
Key Size
In cryptography, the key size (alternatively key length) is a measure of the number of possible keys which can be used in a cipher. Because modern cryptography uses binary keys, the length is usually specified in bits. The length of a key is critical in determining the susceptibility of a cipher to exhaustive search attacks.
Significance
Keys are used to control the operation of a cipher so that only the correct key can convert encrypted text (ciphertext) to plaintext. Many ciphers are based on publicly known algorithms or are open source, and so it is only the difficulty of obtaining the key that determines security of the system, provided that there is no analytic attack (ie, a 'structural weakness' in the algorithms or protocols used), and assuming that the key is not otherwise available (such as via theft, extortion, or compromise of computer systems). The widely accepted notion that the security of the system should depend on the key alone has been explicitly formulated by Auguste Kerckhoffs (in the 1880s) and Claude Shannon (in the 1940s); the statements are known as Kerckhoffs' law and Shannon's Maxim respectively.
A key should therefore be large enough that a brute force attack (possible against any encryption algorithm) is infeasible – i.e, would take too long to execute. Shannon's work on information theory showed that to achieve perfect secrecy, it is necessary for the key length to be at least as large as that of the message to be transmitted. In light of this, and the practical difficulty of managing such long keys, modern cryptographic practice has discarded the notion of perfect secrecy as a requirement for encryption, and instead focuses on ''computational security''. Under this definition, the computational requirements of breaking an encrypted text must be infeasible for an attacker.
The preferred numbers commonly used as key sizes (in bits) are powers of two, potentially multiplied with a small odd integer.
Brute
Size Of Wikipedia
This Wikipedia:Statistics page measures the size of the English-language edition of Wikipedia; mostly page and article count.
This page is now mostly replaced by the http://www.wikipedia.org/wikistats/EN/Sitemap.htm new Wikipedia statistics summary, which is auto-generated from the database dumps, and gives a much wider range of statistics across all the multilingual Wikipedias. However, this page is still intermittently maintained for historical continuity, and as an alternative source as a sanity-check on the Wikistats data analysis.
Most of the earlier entries were extracted from Wikipedia Announcements. Later entries are taken from observations of the new software's built-in article count features.
Wikipedia:Size comparisons
Wikipedia:Awareness statistics
How it's measured
user:Malcolm Farmer/How many Wikipedia pages are there
Larry Sanger's m:Estimating article numbers
The new scheme: m:Article count reform
The general goal has been to make a conservative count, by excluding pages that are obviously not articles or articles in progress. The graph below is based on Erik Zachte's log analysis of the English-language Wikipedia article count, using the mpac3.1 criterion.
A few notes on features of the graph:
The start of the project showed a slow rise, which slowly increased in speed with time;
The big slowdown in the rate of article creation in June 2002 - July 2002 was caused by major server performance problems, remedied by extensive work on the software;
The sudden jump in article count in October 2002 is due to roughly 30,000 stub articles on U.S. towns and cities generated from a database being added by an auto-posting robot: it is controversial as to whether these are "real" encylopedia articles or merely as yet only "stub".
Note that the previous slow-down in the growth of the site coincided with the phase II server performance problems, and that according to recent data the previous
Solenoid Pump | Splash Pool | Star Wars Minis | Studebaker Automobiles | Sync Time | Telegraphic Transfer | Thule Kayak | Toronto Canada | Trucking Co | Universal Stainless | Vancouver | Vintage Baseball Hats | Wart Removal | West Nyack | Windows Andersen | Ws 65511 | 002 | 4 Less | Adidas Clothes | Alliance Imaging
Size 16
Skagen Watches Discount | Skate Shoe | Skb Gig Rig | Ski Boot | Ski Brighton | Ski Catskills | Ski Rack | Ski Ruidoso | Ski Sale | Skidders | Skiddy | Skin Patches | Skin Tag Removal | Skin Tan | Skunk Off | Skyjack Lift | Skyjacker Lifts | Slate Countertops | Slate Installation | Slats
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