Voter Registration
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Voter Registration
Voter registration is the requirement in some democracies for citizens to check in with some central registry before being allowed to vote in elections. An effort to get people to register is known as a voter registration drive.
Centralized vs. opt-in
In some countries, registration is the responsibility of the government, either local or national. In many others, however, citizens must "opt in" to voting, generally by filling out a specific form registering them to vote. Governments registering people has been shown to be one of the most powerful predictors of high voting turnout levels.
Even in countries where registration is the individual's responsibility, many reformers, seeking to maximize voter turnout, have pushed for wider availability of the required forms; one such effort in the United States led to the passage of the Motor Voter laws, which required states to offer to register people when the people came in for a driver's licence.
Effects and controversy
Laws requiring individual voters to register, as opposed to having the government register people automatically, have a strong correlation with lower numbers of people turning out to vote. This lower turnout is especially concentrated among low-income voters and young voters — i.e., those least likely to vote no matter what the registration requirements. Because of this, they are often controversial; some, especially on the left wing, advocate for their abolition (thus allowing all residents of a given area to vote, including non-citizens). Other groups, while not agreeing with this specific suggestion, argue that the laws should be reformed; for instance, allowing voters to register on the day of the election. This tactic, called same-day registration, has been adopted by several U.S. states: Minnesota, Maine, Wisconsin, New Hampshire, Wyoming, and Idaho. In these states, one type of voter intimidation is to inform people falsely that registration is closed.
Voter Registration Drive
A voter registration drive is an effort, often undertaken by a political campaign, political party, or other outside groups (partisan and non-partisan), that seeks to register to vote those who are eligible but not registered. Sometimes these drives are undertaken for partisan purposes, and target specific demographic groups that are likely to vote for one candidate or other; on the other hand, such drives are sometimes undertaken by non-partisan groups and targeted more generally. Often, a group claiming to be non-partisan will nevertheless seek to increase turnout in a specific group (e.g. young voters for Rock the Vote), blurring the line between philanthropic and political motives.
National Voter Registration Act Of 1993
The National Voter Registration Act of 1993, commonly known as Motor Voter, was signed into effect by President Clinton on May 20, 1993. This act forced state governments to make the voter registration process easier by providing uniform registration services through drivers' license registration centers, disability centers, schools, libraries, and mail-in registration.
External link
http://www.motorvoter.com/motorhome.htm Official website for the National Voter Registration Act of 1993
Category:United States law
Category:1993 in law
Registration
In computer vision, sets of data acquired by sampling the same scene or object at different times, or from different perspectives, will be in different coordinate systems. Registration is the process of transforming the different sets of data into one coordinate system. Registration is necessary in order to be able to compare or integrate the data obtained from different measurements.
In medical imaging (e.g. for data of the same patient taken at different points in time) registration often additionally involves ''elastic'' (or ''nonrigid'') registration to cope with elastic deformations of the body parts imaged.
Image registration algorithms fall within two realms of classification: area based methods and feature based methods. The original image is often referred to as the reference image and the image to be mapped onto the reference image is referred to as the target image. For area based image registration methods, the algorithm looks at the structure of the image via correlation metrics, Fourier properties and other means of structural analysis. However, most feature based methods, instead of looking at the overall structure of images, fine tunes its mapping to the correlation of image features: lines, curves, points, line intersections, boundaries, etc.
Further ways of classifying an algorithm consist of the amount of data it is optimized to handle, the algorithm's application, and the central theory the algorithm is based around. Image registration has applications in remote sensing (cartography updating), medical imaging (change detection, tumor monitoring), and computer vision. Due to the vast applications image registration can be applied to, it's impossible to develop a general algorithm optimized for all uses.
Category:Computer vision
Special Registration
The National Security Entry-Exit Registration System (NSEERS, INS Special Registration) is a system for registration of certain non-citizens within the United States, initiated in September 2002 as part of the War on Terrorism. This system has two separate portions: port-of-entry registration and domestic registration. In each case, the registree is required to be fingerprinted, photographed, and interrogated. In addition, they are required to provide detailed information about their plans and updates to the US Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) in case of changes in plans. They are also able to travel to and from the US via certain ports only.
Port-of-entry registration
Port-of-entry registration is required for nationals of Iran, Iraq, Libya, Sudan, and Syria; any other non-citizen, non-permanent residents determined in advance by the United States Department of State or the INS, or as they enter the country by INS inspectors. This system began on September 10, 2002.
Domestic registration
Certain non-citizens who were in the United States prior to September 10 (and thus were not required to be fingerprinted or photographed when they entered the US) have been required to come to register in person at INS offices. This procedure is required of males over the age of sixteen who entered the United States legally on particular types of visa (primarily student, work, and tourist) from certain countries. Four groups of countries have been announced:
Group 1: Iran, Iraq, Libya, Sudan or Syria
Group 2: Afghanistan, Algeria, Bahrain, Eritrea, Lebanon, Morocco, North Korea, Oman, Qatar, Somalia, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen
Group 3: Pakistan, Saudi Arabia
Group 4: Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Jordan, Kuwait
The initial announced deadlines for registration were December 16, 2002 (Group 1), January 10, 2003 (Group 2), February 21, 2003 (Group 3), March 28, 2003 (Group 4). The deadlines for
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Voter Registration
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Voter Registration
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